The Maryland Health Care Commission (MHCC) is required by Maryland law to study the impact of telehealth.

Based on this work, MHCC must submit recommendations on telehealth coverage and payment levels to the 2023 Maryland General Assembly.

NORC conducted a mixed-methods study on audio-only and audio-visual telehealth technologies relative to in-person care. Data sources included:

• Provider Survey: We conducted an online statewide survey of Maryland providers to ask about access and utilization, telehealth technologies used (i.e., audio-only and audio-visual), and telehealth visits in comparison to in-person visits.
• Consumer Interviews: Interviews with users and non-users of telehealth services across Maryland explored patient experiences and perceptions regarding access to and use of telehealth. 
• Literature Review: We conducted a review of peer-reviewed and gray literature to assess the effectiveness of telehealth. We also reviewed new and emerging trends and policies regarding telehealth service delivery.  
• Focus Groups: We conducted focus groups with provider organizations and consumer advocacy groups to explore experiences and perceptions of access and utilization of telehealth for behavioral health services.
• Claims Analysis: We conducted an analysis of Medicare, Medicaid, and commercial health care claims data from Maryland’s All-Payer Claims Database. We explored trends in telehealth use from 2018 through 2021 and compared the cost and utilization of telehealth and in-person visits.
   

NORC supported the development of a technical report and a recommendations report. The technical report included study findings on access to care, utilization, and cost. The final recommendations report addressed coverage of telehealth services and payment levels for telehealth services relative to in-person care. The report also included recommendations from the Health Services Cost Review Commission and the Maryland Insurance Administration.