NORC conducted a rare, nationally representative survey revealing Chinese public confidence in their country’s rising global influence. Working with the Chicago Council on Global Affairs and The Carter Center, NORC surveyed 1,002 Chinese adults via mobile phone using Mandarin-speaking interviewers trained in regional dialects.

The survey found Chinese adults overwhelmingly support an active global role for China and express high confidence in the country’s current and future international standing. Most view China’s economic power, military strength, and technological innovation as key drivers of global influence.

Regarding U.S.-China relations, the findings reveal nuanced pragmatism rather than outright hostility. While many Chinese see the United States as a rival rather than friend, a majority favor cooperation when appropriate while supporting limits on U.S. power when necessary.

The survey addressed a critical information gap about Chinese public sentiment during a period of heightened U.S.-China tensions. As Volos explained, reliable data on Chinese views of international relations and current affairs has been limited, particularly during recent years of trade tensions and geopolitical uncertainty.

NORC’s methodological approach overcame significant challenges inherent in surveying Chinese public opinion. The team conducted the study remotely via computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) from outside China, using culturally sensitive question design developed through extensive pilot testing and collaboration with local experts.

“Our value is in methodologically sound, culturally sensitive research. We used our experience with local agencies and reliable experts who helped with translation and ensured the right cultural tone,” Volos said.

The survey achieved true national representation across rural and urban populations, geographic regions, and demographic groups. While the sample showed slightly higher educational attainment than recent Chinese census data, this reflects China’s massive investment in workforce retraining and higher education access as the country transitions to a modern economy. 

The findings offer crucial insights for policymakers, researchers, and the public seeking to understand Chinese perspectives during this pivotal period. Beyond U.S.-China relations, the survey explored Chinese views on global institutions, international trade, economic outlook, and regional relationships including Taiwan. The data reveal a population that is increasingly engaged with international affairs while maintaining measured optimism about their country’s economic future despite challenges like youth unemployment.